In 2017, GETV broke out in a pig farm in Hunan, causing serious economic losses ( 3). Approximately 70 GETV isolates have been identified in China, which are widespread in 15 provinces including Hunan, Shanghai, Sichuan, Henan, and Shandong ( 6). GETV infection can cause fetal death and reproductive disorders in pigs. To date, there have been five horse-based GETV outbreaks in Japan, in 1978, 1979, 1983, 2014, and 2015, resulting in large economic losses ( 5). Horses infected with GETV can suffer fever, swollen hind limbs, skin rashes, and other symptoms ( 4). GETV mainly infects horses and pigs, which play a critical role in the amplification and circulation of the virus the virus is also pathogenic to foxes and cattle and can cause fever in humans ( 3). Subsequent studies indicated that this virus has a broad geographic distribution in Southeast Asia and Eurasia, including China, Thailand, Japan, and Russia ( 2). Getah virus (GETV) is a mosquito-borne, enveloped, single-stranded, positive-sense RNA virus belonging to the genus Alphavirus in the family Togaviridae that was first isolated in Malaysia in 1955 from Culex spp. This complete duplex TaqMan RT-qPCR assay provided a fast, efficient, specific, and sensitive tool for the detection and differentiation of JEV and GETV. Clinical sample testing revealed the prevalence of JEV and GETV in mosquitoes and pig herds in China. In addition, the new test took less time and could be completed in under an hour. Detection of JEV and GETV in field mosquito and pig samples was 100 times and 10 times more sensitive than using traditional PCR, respectively. The RT-qPCR assay demonstrated high sensitivity, extreme specificity, and excellent repeatability. In duplex real-time RT-qPCR detection, the correlation coefficients (R 2) of the two viruses were higher than 0.999. Primers and probes located in the NS1 gene of JEV and the E2 gene of GETV that could specifically distinguish JEV from GETV were selected for duplex TaqMan RT-qPCR. In this study, we established a one-step duplex TaqMan RT-qPCR for rapid identification and detection of JEV and GETV. However, there is no way to quickly distinguish between JEV and GETV. Pigs and mosquitoes play a primary role in JEV and GETV transmission. 2Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, Chinaīoth JEV (Japanese encephalitis virus) and GETV (Getah virus) pose huge threats to the safety of animals and public health.1College of Animal Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China.Yan Zhang 1,2, Yuhao Li 2, Zhixin Guan 2, Yang Yang 2, Junjie Zhang 2, Qing Sun 1,2, Beibei Li 2, Yafeng Qiu 2, Ke Liu 2, Donghua Shao 2, Zhiyong Ma 2 *, Jianchao Wei 2 * and Peng Li 1 *
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